![]() ![]() However, there are still potential benefits to diagnosing dementia early. In addition, non-pharmacological interventions such as cognitive stimulation, cognitive rehabilitation, and occupational therapy are recommended to promote independence and well-being in people with dementia ( 6). By 2040, the total costs of dementia care have been projected to rise 2.7-fold from the 2019 estimates, to reach approximately £94.1 billion ( 4).Ĭurrently there are no disease-modifying therapies are available in the UK and the existing pharmacologic interventions work symptomatically ( 5, 6). The economic burden of dementia in the country is substantial, with the total cost of care estimated at £34.7 billion across the UK in 2019, of which publicly or privately funded social care constituted 45% (£15.7 billion), informal care 40% (£13.9 billion), and health care 14% (£4.9 billion) ( 4). The number of people with dementia in the UK has been projected to increase to 1.6 million by 2040, including 1.35 million people in England alone ( 4). In the UK, 885,000 people were estimated to live with dementia in 2019 the majority of them (84.7%) residing in England ( 4). In 2019, the global number of individuals who lived with dementia was estimated at 57.4 million and, largely due to population growth and ageing, this figure is expected to approximately triple by 2050 to reach 152.8 million ( 3). It is an umbrella term for a number of specific medical conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) ( 2), which is perhaps the most studied subtype of dementia. The net monetary benefit (NMB) of ICA introduction was estimated at £154 in primary care and £281 in the memory clinic settings.Ĭonclusion: Introduction of ICA as a tool to screen primary care patients for dementia and perform initial triage in memory clinics could be cost saving to the UK public health and social care payer.ĭementia is defined as an acquired loss of cognition that affects everyday function ( 1). QALY gains associated with early diagnosis were modest (0.0016 in primary care and 0.0027 in memory clinic). Introduction of the ICA tool was estimated to result in a lifetime cost saving of approximately £123 and £226 per person in primary care and memory clinics, respectively. Results: ICA dominated standard cognitive assessment tools in both the primary care and memory clinic settings. Both costs and QALYs were discounted at 3.5% per annum and cost-effectiveness was assessed using a threshold of £20,000 per QALY gained. Quality of life outcomes were quantified using quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and the economic benefits were assessed using net monetary benefit (NMB). The model combined a decision tree to capture the initial outcomes of the cognitive testing with a Markov structure that estimated long-term outcomes of people with dementia. Methods: ICA was compared with standard of care comprising a mixture of cognitive assessment tools over a lifetime horizon and employing the UK health and social care perspective. Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive economic evaluation of the integrated cognitive assessment (ICA) tool compared with standard cognitive tests when used for dementia screening in primary care and for initial patient triage in memory clinics. 4Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.3Department of Old Age Psychiatry, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom.2Cognetivity Ltd., London, United Kingdom.1York Health Economics Consortium, University of York, York, United Kingdom.Judith Shore 1 Chris Kalafatis 2,3 Angela Stainthorpe 1 Mohammad Hadi Modarres 2 Seyed-Mahdi Khaligh-Razavi 2,4 * ![]()
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